Instagram has responded to yesterday's odd report that it lost 25% of its active users.
"This data is inaccurate," an Instagram spokesperson told Sam Biddle at Gizmodo. "We continue to see strong and steady growth in both registered and active users of Instagram."
A minor kerfuffle kicked up when AppData showed Instagram's daily active users dropping sharply on Christmas day. AppData tracks usage through Facebook log-ins, so it's absolute numbers are useless, but its trends should be informative.
For some reason AppData told the New York Post that it thought the reason for the steep usage decline was Instagram's change in terms of service. On December 17, Instagram updated its terms of service with scary language that suggested it was going to take users' photos and sell them as advertising. Four days later, Instagram walked back that language.
It didn't make any sense to blame the terms of service controversy since it was a full week after it started that AppData showed a drop. It also didn't make sense to see a decline on Christmas since lots of people were taking pictures of their family, their new toys, photos of photos of themselves as little kids, and posting them to Instagram.
If anything, there seems to be something wrong with AppData's data. Robin Wauters at The Next Web notes that AppData data shows the same sort of steep drop for Pinterest, Spotify, Farmville 2, and many other apps, on Christmas day.
Don't Miss: The Most Popular Places Around The World For Instagram
TU Dresden study on external costs of automotive transportation in Europe calls for internalization of the high external costs; raising user prices to change behavior
A recent study from Technische Universit?t Dresden (TU Dresden) commissioned by the Greens/European Free Allianace (EFA) in the European Parliament concluded that the cars used within the EU-27 externalize up to about ?373 billion (US$493 billion) per year (high estimate) of costs on to other people, other regions and other generations. The low estimate is external costs of ?258 billion (US$341 billion).
The study focused on the larger environmental costs of car traffic (plus accident costs not covered by insurance)?i.e., air pollution; noise, upstream and downstream effects (covering all effects before and after the actual trip is performed); smaller other effects (land use, separational effects etc.); and climate change (focused on avoidance costs rather than damage costs). Neither infrastructure costs (area purchase, construction, maintenance, demolition, administration of infrastructure) nor congestion costs were included.
Costs for nature and landscape (water and soil pollution, resealing of land, habitat fragmentation and restoration, scenic beauty, biodiversity, etc.) were covered under ?smaller other costs?, as were costs due to fragmentation of space and land use costs.
?Of course, the selection of any value for climate change costs is somewhat arbitrary. Given the uncertainties described above, however, we feel that these figures give an impression of the order of magnitude of the adaptation process in front of us. The results show that on one hand GHG emission reduction is not for free, but on the other it is also not impossible. The costs are in the same range as the costs for other effects.?
??The True Costs of Automobility?
The magnitude of the external costs leads to a level of car use that is inefficient from the perspective of society, according to the study?s authors. Because ?others? pay for large parts of the costs of transport, Europeans travel by car too much to enable an efficient situation, they concluded, noting that this also partly explains why there is a high level of congestion in parts of the EU.
The report analyzed the external costs of car use within the EU-27 by evaluating the existing literature in the field and developing a database from these figures.
Among their other conclusions, the authors suggested that the frequent claim ?that cars cover all their internal and external costs? cannot be sustained. The study did not make a detailed estimation of charges and earmarked taxes of cars attributable to external costs; however, the authors said that it is ?obvious? that a sum in the range of ?300 to 400 billion of earmarked funds against these costs cannot be reached.
On the contrary; it must be stated that car traffic in the EU is highly subsidized by other people and other regions and will be by future generations: residents along an arterial road; taxpayers; elderly people who do not own cars; neighbouring countries; and children, grandchildren and all future generations subsidize today?s traffic. They have to pay, or will have to pay, part of the bill.
These findings suggest that political action is urgently needed. The sooner this happens, the more the transition process can be designed in a smooth, efficient, socially acceptable and environmentally friendly manner. The longer that action is delayed, the stricter, more severe and more expensive this process will be.
??The True Costs of Automobility?
The authors also suggested that economic price settings and regulatory measures, framework settings and (land use) planning measures need at least as much political attention as technology. The least expensive option?and one that can change behavior substantially?might be to increase user price by internalizing the external costs in consumer prices, while offering alternatives to car use.
Reducing the total number of vehicle kilometres travelled has the greatest effect on greenhouse gas emissions, and there is no risk of recoupling effects. Technology measures such as biofuels or electric vehicles focus mostly on higher energy efficiencies and on reduction of greenhouse gases. Their effects on all other cost components of external costs are smaller. Noise and air pollution, as well as the large cost component of accidents, remain high, causing ongoing negative effects on society.
Many projections of avoidance curves are based on new technologies aimed only at achieving greenhouse gas emission reductions. The discussion about greenhouse gas reductions in transport is primarily left to automobile technology experts. This approach is misleading because other fields (like economic approaches or land use approaches or behavioural changes) are neglected; and these are fields in which reductions come at a much cheaper price.
The TransPoRD-project as a key research project on European greenhouse gas reduction measures in the transport sector concludes: ?Technologies known today will not be sufficient to achieve GHG reduction targets of -60% to -80% by 2050?. Consequently, a combination of all possible approaches is needed: internalisation of external costs, pricing measures, technology development, land use changes, strong regulation (e.g. banning fossil fuel cars in certain regions after certain years). Modal split changes are needed to tackle the problem.
NEWTOWN, Conn. -- Three miles from Sandy Hook Elementary School, a white Colonial-style building stands about 50 feet back from the road, an unassuming presence in a town that never got much attention until now. On a recent day, a security guard got out of a parked car at the end of the driveway and said he?d received instructions to turn away anyone who didn?t work in the building. It wasn't hard to see why his employers might have hired him. In a bizarre coincidence, the people working inside were among the country's most adamant champions of the kinds of weapons and ammunition that Adam Lanza used to kill 26 children and adults just down the road last week.
The Newtown-based National Shooting Sports Foundation, or NSSF, is the nation's premier gun manufacturers trade association, and in recent years the group has concentrated on marketing military-style assault weapons of the kind used by Lanza, James Holmes and other mass murderers. In the last decade, as the national interest in hunting has declined, gun manufacturers have increasingly relied on the sale of high-powered rifles, capable of killing many people in seconds. Behind the scenes, the NSSF has done much of the work of pitching those products to politicians, the media and gun buyers.
Doug Painter, a former NSSF president, delivered a pitch characteristic of the NSSF?s folksy approach in a video released by the group in 2009, a year when many gun-owners were worried that the newly Democratic White House would try to take away their weapons.
Holding up the same kind of rifle that Adam Lanza would eventually use to commit mass murder, Painter asked the camera, ?Am I gonna trade in Ol? Betsy for one of these?? He answered himself, ?Maybe not. But there?s a more important point to consider. Anti-gun folks insist on labeling these rifles as ?bad guns,? as opposed to more traditional-looking ?good guns.? How can any inanimate object be considered ?good? or ?bad???
The ad was part of a broad, multi-year effort by the gun industry-backed NSSF "to put a happy face on these military weapons,? said Josh Sugarmann, executive director of the gun-control advocacy group the Violence Policy Center. "People would be shocked if they knew that the industry has taken guns that were designed for warfare and marketed them to civilians," said Sugarmann, who happens to be a native of Newtown, Conn.
* * * * *
Since the Sandy Hook massacre, the NSSF has stated publicly that it will not respond to media requests, and attempts to reach Steve Sanetti, the president, were unsuccessful. Nor did anyone answer at two publicly listed numbers for Painter, the former president. In a statement posted on its website, the group acknowledged the NSSF's proximity to the school, saying, ?there are not many degrees of separation in small communities like Newtown, and so, not surprisingly, we had family, friends and acquaintances that were affected.?
The group later added another statement, claiming that it would ?welcome the opportunity? to eventually become part of a ?full national conversation? aimed at improving the ?protection of our children and our communities.?
As that conversation unfolds, Sanetti, the group?s president since 2008, is likely to emerge as a controversial figure. A former Army captain, Sanetti previously served as president of Sturm & Ruger, a Connecticut-based company that produced the assault weapon used in the Norway massacre of 2011. He helped direct "the successful coordinated response to municipal lawsuits that threatened the firearms industry in the late 1990s,? according to a 2008 press release from the firm.
"I think the world of him," said Russ Thurman, a gun magazine editor and a member of NSSF's board of governors, who has noted in the past that while Sanetti's "long-term involvement in the legal issues has not been pleasant or glamorous," it is "important.?
The NSSF?s efforts to rebrand military-style semi-automatic rifles, or ?AR-15 rifles? in industry speak, as consumer-friendly recreational products can be traced back to 2009, when the group launched a national media campaign designed to convince hunters of the benefits of the newer, more expensive assault weapons.
In a newsletter released at the time, Sanetti emphasized how important the guns were to the industry?s bottom line. "The best-selling rifles in America today are those based on the AR-15 platform," he said.
In 2010, the group began working to promote the AR-15 with Guns and Ammo, a major gun magazine that devoted a recent cover story to the best guns for surviving a zombie apocalypse. The group also held combination seminars and shooting sessions where members of the media were lectured on the differences between machine guns and semi-automatic rifles (machines guns are even more dangerous). And yet it has rarely, if ever, attempted to advance the argument that these weapons are necessary, or even particularly useful. "Why are these guns so popular?" asks a lecturer in a video of one of the NSSF media seminars. "One word: They're fun!"
"These are fun fun guns to shoot," says an unidentified journalist in the same video. "As a mother of three I'd have no problem letting my kids, with the correct supervision and safety gear, you know, try one of these guns."
In order for gun manufacturers to keep growing, Sugarmann said, "they've got to do two things. First, find new markets, which is what they're doing with their womens' and childrens' programs. The other option is to find something new to sell the guys who already have guns. The answer for that is increasingly militarized weapons."
* * * * *
Statistically, it's difficult to discern how well these efforts are working. The gun lobby, led by the National Rifle Association, has a long history of suppressing statistical reports on both gun registrations and gun violence, while simultaneously painting a rosy picture of industry growth.
What's clear is that the gun industry's growing dependence on AR-15s has made it more vulnerable to any legislation that might limit the sale of ARs or high-capacity magazines. And so in April of 2010, the NSSF launched its first-ever political action committee, called NSSFPAC.
In its first nine months, the PAC raised $10,000. In the next election cycle, in 2012, it raised ten times that, $102,000. NSSF also spent $500,000 in the first ten months of 2012 on lobbyists, a nearly five-fold increase over the 2008 total.
The increased presence on Capitol Hill appears to have paid dividends. In its 2011 report, the NSSF boasted that its annual members' lobbying trip to Washington, D.C. had an "immediate result," the introduction of legislation in both the House and Senate to exempt lead bullets from regulations of toxic substances. And indeed, on April 14, less than a week after the NSSF visited Congress, one member in each house, Montana's Sen. Jon Tester (D) and Florida's Rep. Jeff Miller (R), introduced the legislation.
Asked about the timing of the bill, a spokeswoman for Sen. Tester disputed the NSSF's characterization. Tester, she said, consults his own constituents on Second Amendment issues, and "was getting ready to introduce the bill long before NSSF's fly-in." Miller's office did not respond to questions from HuffPost about the bill.
The group has also helped lead a successful lobbying effort in Connecticut, working with the NRA and other organizations to help defeat a proposed ban on high-capacity ammunition clips -- magazines containing more than 10 bullets. Jake McGuigan, the NSSF's government-relations director, told lawmakers that the bill would take a heavy toll on the state?s $1.3 billion firearms industry.
Adding to the irony of NSSF's proximity to Sandy Hook Elementary, the weapons industry's history in Connecticut stretches back almost to the very founding of the country, earning the state a proud nickname: "the arsenal of democracy."
Eli Whitney began manufacturing pistols in Connecticut in 1797, and Samuel Colt, the inventor of the Colt 45 and one of the architects of the industrial revolution, was born in Hartford and started producing guns there in 1848. The Connecticut River Valley, which stretches from Springfield, Mass., in the north to Old Saybrook, Conn. in the south, made Connecticut an ideal setting for industry. For more than two centuries, the fate of the state's industrial plants, gun businesses and military bases have been closely intertwined. As NSSF and many other proponents of the latest and most dangerous weapons models are quick to point out, gun makers in America have long looked to the military for inspiration and funding; the Colt 45 was initially designed for soldiers, and the Civil War financed the construction of many stately homes along the Connecticut River.
Last year, Marlin Firearms, a well-regarded manufacturer that had been in business in Connecticut for a century, closed its plant, costing the state hundreds of jobs. Following the Newtown shooting, the NSSF is facing what may be a far more formidable challenge. Legislation to ban assault weapons has gained momentum in Congress, and Sen. Dianne Feinstein (D-Calif.) has vowed to reintroduce the expired 1994 Federal Assault Weapons Ban on the Senate's first day back in 2013.
One recent evening outside Sandy Hook Elementary School, a local man who'd come by to pay his respects said he owned a semi-automatic rifle and some 30-round magazines -- the same kind of ammunition that Lanza used and that the NSSF promoted.
He said he'd never heard of the NSSF, but he agreed with their message: powerful, military-style guns are fun.
"But big deal," he added. "I wouldn't mind if they banned them at all."
KUWAIT: Two more MPs yesterday submitted proposals calling for the government to purchase an estimated KD 6 billion in bank loans of citizens and then waive the incurred interest before rescheduling repayment over a long duration. MP Khaled Al-Adwah and Khaled Al-Shulaimi joined Askar Al-Enezi and Nawaf Al-Fuzai in submitting bills to resolve the most populist problem that the government adamantly rejected to negotiate in the past but now appears to be ready for deals.
All the proposals basically call on the government to purchase the total consumer and personal debts owed to banks and financial companies estimated by the Central Bank around two years ago at over KD 6 billion. The bills also call for the state to waive all interest and then ask Kuwaiti debtors to repay the remaining part of the principal loan over many years, some put it at more than 15 years while others said the value of the installment should not exceed 30 percent of the debtors? monthly income.
The lawmakers also called for the state to raise the children?s monthly allowance from the current KD 50 for up to five children to between KD 75-100 for up to 10 children. In addition, the lawmakers have also proposed a monthly salary for Kuwaiti housewives to encourage more Kuwaiti women to stay at home to help raise their children.
The MPs also proposed that the housing loan, which is currently KD 70,000 given on almost interest-free basis, should be increased to KD 100,000 and that the loan for Kuwaiti women should be increased from KD 40,000 currently to KD 70,000. The housing loan is given once in a lifetime to help Kuwaitis build their own house and cope with the skyrocketing price of land in the country. More such bills are expected to be submitted in the coming few days and the bills are expected to be taken up for debate in the Assembly in the coming few weeks.
The National Assembly bureau yesterday marked the start of its business by taking a decision to send Assembly reporters back up to the public gallery instead of sitting in the chamber floor to cover proceedings. Since the start of the Assembly, journalists had always followed sessions from the ground floor where the lawmakers sit until about a year ago when former speaker Jassem Al-Khorafi moved them upstairs amid complaints from the reporters.
But when the opposition won the February election and Ahmad Al-Saadoun was elected speaker, he brought the journalists back to their original place. Observer of the Assembly Safa Al-Hashem said the decision to send the journalists to the upper floor ?brings back authority to the Assembly and will not affect the reporters? work?.
The legal and legislative committee meanwhile yesterday approved two decrees issued by the Amir when the Assembly had been dissolved. The first decree, called national unity decree, imposes harsh penalties including jail and hefty fines for those who spread hatred in the society. The second is a decree to establish a national authority for combating corruption. The panel has to study a large number of decrees issued in the past two months.
Meanwhile, the criminal court yesterday postponed until Jan 15 the trial of three former opposition MPs accused of undermining the authority of HH the Amir and criticizing him at a public rally on Oct 10. The three, Falah Al-Sawwagh, Khaled Al-Tahous and Bader Al-Dahoum, were detained for five days and then freed on KD 5,000 bail each.? In yesterday?s hearing, three of the defendants? colleagues testified in the court over the case.
CHARLESTON, W.Va. (AP) ? Sen. Joe Manchin, an avid hunter and lifelong member of the National Rifle Association, says it's time for all sides in the gun policy debate to move beyond the political rhetoric and begin an honest discussion about reasonable restrictions on guns.
The school shooting in Connecticut that killed 20 children has changed the dialogue, Manchin said.
"I'm not afraid to say, 'Let's talk about that,'" Manchin told reporters during a conference call Monday. "I'm not afraid of the political ramifications."
"You have people who want to use scare tactics and extremes and try to drive a wedge when we're trying to have a dialogue," he said. "Don't you think we should at least sit down and talk about it?"
The comments by the West Virginia Democrat came on the day of the first funerals for the Sandy Hook Elementary School students killed Friday.
The massacre renewed calls from some Democrats for a ban on military-style assault weapons and a look at how the nation deals with individuals suffering from serious mental illness.
Manchin said school safety, movies and videogames that glorify violence should also be part of the discussion.
"This needs to have an adult conversation about the society we have become and the direction we are going," he said.
President Barack Obama traveled to Newtown, Conn., Sunday night to console the grieving families, the fourth such trip he's had to make during his presidency. He vowed to use "whatever power this office holds" to safeguard the nation's children, raising the prospect he will pursue policy changes to stem gun violence.
Gun control was a hot topic in the early 1990s, when Congress enacted a 10-year ban on assault weapons. But since that ban expired in 2004, few Americans have wanted stricter laws and politicians say they don't want to become targets of a powerful gun rights lobby.
"We can't be afraid to talk about it," Manchin said. "I'm not supporting a thing except open dialogue."
Manchin, who had been hunting with his family over the weekend, also said a 2010 campaign ad that showed him firing a hunting rifle at a paper target labeled "Cap and Trade Bill" did not glorify firearms.
"What we did at that time and the way we used it was in the most responsible manner. I'm a proud gun owner and I'm a responsible user and I don't think that glorified anything. It was not intended for that," he said.
Manchin is the most prominent gun rights advocate to speak publicly in the wake of the shooting.
Chris Feldhaus, a 31-year-old Republican from Charleston, W.Va., said he voted for Manchin in November but believed his latest remarks were an effort to win more support.
"I like what he does, but lately it seems like he's more of a TV guy wanting to be on TV more so than worrying about the issues," Feldhaus said.
Terri Roush, another Manchin supporter from Nitro, W.Va., said even if he was just trying to be in the spotlight, the issue deserved to be in the spotlight.
"So if he's the voice to do it, then by all means. I think he's somebody in West Virginia that people respect, people admire. I think it's something that needs to be brought to everyone's attention," she said.
___
Salcedo contributed from Washington. Associated Press writer John Raby in Charleston also contributed to this report.
NEW YORK (Reuters) - Mortimer Zuckerman, the chairman and chief executive of office owner Boston Properties Inc, has pledged $200 million to endow a Mind Brain Behavior Institute at Columbia University.
"At its root, this is an investment in accomplished scholars whose collective mission is both greater understanding of the human condition and the discovery of new cures for human suffering," Zuckerman said in a statement.
The Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute will be located within the 450,000 square-foot Jerome L. Greene Science Center, the centerpiece of the University's new Manhattanville campus in New York's Harlem neighborhood.
It will become the hub of cross-campus research on brain science, bringing together researchers from Columbia University Medical Center, the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, the Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science, and other schools to collaborate on pioneering research in the neural sciences and a wide array of academic fields involving human behavior.
Zuckerman also is publisher of U.S. News & World Report and the New York Daily News.
The problem with making breakfast at home is all the work that goes into it -- unless of course, you make baked eggs. So early in the day, there are very few people who are up for whisking a waffle batter or flipping omelets. But if you make a baked eggs recipe, it doesn't get any harder than having to turn on the oven.
And since the weather is getting colder, a hearty dish like baked eggs will hit the spot in the early morning -- especially when paired with a garlicky tomato sauce.
Get the Eggs Baked in Roasted Tomato Sauce recipe
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Looking for something a little more challenging? Try eggs benedict.
Classic Eggs Benedict
<strong>Get the <a href="http://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/eggs_benedict/" target="_hplink">Eggs Benedict recipe</a> by Simply Recipes</strong>
You can never go wrong with a classic eggs benedict. It's got everything you want to get you going in the mornings.
Country Style Eggs Benedict
<strong>Get the <a href="http://spoonforkbacon.com/2012/02/country-style-eggs-benedict/" target="_hplink">Country Style Eggs Benedict recipe</a> by Spoon Fork Bacon</strong>
This dish is a combination of biscuits and gravy meets eggs benedict; all of the indulgent qualities we love about both dishes are formed into one wonderful breakfast meal.
Asparagus And Bacon Eggs Benedict
<strong>Get the <a href="http://www.ahealthyjalapeno.com/2012/05/asparagus-and-bacon-eggs-benedict-and.html" target="_hplink">Asparagus and Bacon Eggs Benedict recipe</a> by A Healthy Jalapeno</strong>
Everyone loves bacon, and when it's paired with all the usual suspects of an eggs benedict, it really stands out.
Eggs Benedict Over Savory Waffles
<strong>Get the <a href="http://www.againstallgrain.com/2012/06/17/eggs-benedict-over-savory-waffles/" target="_hplink">Eggs Benedict Over Savory Waffles recipe</a> Against All Grain</strong>
Who needs English muffins when you've got savory waffles to eat eggs benedict on?
Eggs Benedict Huevos Rancheros
<strong>Get the<a href="http://iadorefood.com/recipes/eggs-benedict-huevos-rancheros-style/" target="_hplink"> Eggs Benedict Huevos Rancheros recipe</a> by I Adore Food</strong>
When you can't decide between two dishes, sometimes it's best just to combine them. A poached egg with beans, salsa and hollandaise sauce makes this version of eggs benedict stand out.
Salmon And Bagel Benedict
<strong>Get the <a href="http://www.foodiecrush.com/2012/05/salmon-and-bagel-egg-benedict-for-mothers-day-brunch/" target="_hplink">Salmon and Bagel Benedict recipe</a> by Foodie Crush</strong>
Replace the english muffins with bagels, swap the pork for salmon, and finish off with avocado and tomato for a fresh new take on this egg dish.
Healthy Eggs Benedict
<strong>Get the <a href="http://www.thegorgeousgourmet.co.za/2012/06/recipe-healthy-eggs-benedict.html" target="_hplink">Healthy Eggs Benedict recipe</a> by The Gorgeous Gourmet</strong>
There's no hollandaise sauce on these eggs, which means they're not technically eggs benedict, but they're rich and creamy and just as satisfying -- with a lot less calories.
Smoked Salmon Eggs Benedict
<strong>Get the <a href="http://www.katherinemartinelli.com/blog/2012/smoked-salmon-eggs-benedict/" target="_hplink">Smoked Salmon Eggs Benedict recipe</a> by Katherine Martinelli</strong>
Eggs benedict served on top of puff pastry, why haven't we thought of that before?
<em>This recipe was originally published in <a href=" it isn't too much trouble, I'd appreciate a mention of the book and link to it on Amazon as well?" target="_hplink">Puff Pastry at Brunch: 10 Sweet and Savory Recipes to Start Your Morning</a>.</em>
Lobster Eggs Benedict
<strong>Get the <a href="http://thebitehouse.com/2012/03/20/part-2-breakfast-lobster-eggs-benedict/" target="_hplink">Lobster Eggs Benedict recipe</a> by The Bite House</strong>
This recipe has everything you'd want in an eggs benedict and more. It's got lobster!
Country Eggs Benedict
<strong>Get the <a href="http://www.lanascooking.com/2012/04/06/country-eggs-benedict/" target="_hplink">Country Eggs Benedict recipe</a> by Lana' Cooking</strong>
Try this recipe for a country twist on the classic eggs benedict. You won't be able to get enough of the country ham.
Ovarian cancer is often called a silent killer because by the time symptoms show up, the disease is usually very advanced, and hard to treat.
The cancer walk to raise awareness of the disease is called the Whisper Walk for Ovarian Cancer. The signature color is teal.
Symptoms
Early ovarian cancer may not cause obvious symptoms. But, as the cancer grows, symptoms may include:
Pressure or pain in the abdomen, pelvis, back, or legs
A swollen or bloated abdomen
Nausea, indigestion, gas, constipation, or diarrhea
Feeling very tired all the time
Less common symptoms include:
Shortness of breath
Feeling the need to urinate often
Unusual vaginal bleeding (heavy periods, or bleeding after menopause)
Most often these symptoms are not due to cancer, but only a doctor can tell for sure. Any woman with these symptoms should tell her doctor.
Source: National Cancer Institute
The disease represents a true Catch 22 for doctors and patients for several reasons, the first being that it is a rare cancer of the reproductive system so it is not often the first consideration when making a diagnosis. And doctors say that while there are symptoms, the signs are often misinterpreted as being related to gastro-intestinal ailments. Only when treatment for that fails do doctors begin to suspect ovarian cancer. Finally, there is no definitive test for ovarian cancer.
Ovarian cancer causes more deaths than any other type of female reproductive cancer. The cause is unknown.
Dr. John Schorge is the chief gynecological oncologist at Massachusetts General Hospital. Through a collaborative agreement he also consults at Wentworth-Douglass Hospital in Dover.
There are four classic symptoms," said Schorge. "Unfortunately, the symptoms do mirror those of many gastrointestinal upsets. Only one in a hundred women with the same symptoms might have the disease."
Schorge said the numbers for ovarian cancer are grim. He said about 22,000 women are diagnosed in a year and, of those, 15,500 die.
"It's highly lethal because two-thirds of women diagnosed are already in stage three or four," said Schorge. "There is more awareness now and that's good. The issue is for women in more rural areas. Here in New Hampshire there are only four or five gynecological oncologists to cover the entire state."
Dr. Robert McLellan, an oncologist at Portsmouth Regional Hospital, estimates that 75 percent of women diagnosed with ovarian cancer are already at the stage three of four.
"We need to talk more about family," said McLellan. "If there is a history of breast cancer, colon cancer or uterine cancer, this has to be considered sooner. There is no good screening test but a trans-vaginal ultrasound can show the presence of fluid (ascites) or a mass that shouldn't be there."
Symptoms of ovarian cancer are excessive bloating, pelvic pain, a feeling of early fullness that is not usual, and increased urinary fullness. If you have these four signs, lasting longer than they should or not responding to treatment, Schorge said patients should ask for a pelvic and ultrasound exam. Family history is a very important indicator, as is looking for gene abnormalities with the BRCA1 and BRCA2 tests. Most ovarian cancer appears in women ages 55 and older.
McLellan said women with known BRCA risks are advised to complete their child bearing years and then consider surgery to remove the ovaries.
Maybe the biggest piece of misinformation out there is that a Pap smear will detect ovarian cancer.
"It will not, said Dr. Danny Sims, an oncologist from New Hampshire Oncology and Hematology who sometimes works out of Exeter Hospital.
"A Pap smear will detect cervical cancer only," said Sims. "People assume the test is accurate for all reproductive cancers but it does not detect uterine or ovarian cancers."
Surgery is used to treat all stages of ovarian cancer. Surgery involves removal of the uterus (total hysterectomy), removal of both ovaries and fallopian tubes, partial or complete removal of the omentum, the fatty layer that covers and pads organs in the abdomen, examination, biopsy, or removal of the lymph nodes and other tissues in the pelvis and abdomen.
Chemotherapy is used after surgery to treat any remaining disease. Chemotherapy can also be used if the cancer comes back. Chemotherapy may be given into the veins, or sometimes directly into the abdominal cavity (intraperitoneal).
Schorge is an advocate of intraperitoneal chemotherapy. He said he believes applying the chemo directly to the abdominal area is more effective than traditional IV therapy. Locally, the treatment is only available at Wentworth-Douglass Hospital. Schorge said he pushed to make the treatment available there.
"The survival advantage is 16 months longer in studies," said Schorge. "The abdomen is where the cancer would spread, so splashing it around there has more optimal results."
Still, the chances for recurrence of cancer is great, said all three doctors. Sims said it is likely that the cancer will return at some point in most women diagnosed with ovarian cancer.
About three out of four women with ovarian cancer survive one year after diagnosis. If diagnosis is made early in the disease and treatment is received before the cancer spreads outside the ovary, the five-year survival rate is high
Complications can include spread of the cancer to other organs, loss of organ function, fluid in the abdomen (ascites), and blockage of the intestines.
Women should call for an appointment with their health care provider if they are over 40 years old and have not recently had a pelvic examination. Routine pelvic examinations are recommended for all women over 20 years old. And if you have those four symptoms persistently, or have had them for a while, ask your doctor about ovarian cancer.
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Ovarian cancer is often called a silent killer because by the time symptoms show up, the disease is usually very advanced, and hard to treat.
The cancer walk to raise awareness of the disease is called the Whisper Walk for Ovarian Cancer. The signature color is teal.
Symptoms
Early ovarian cancer may not cause obvious symptoms. But, as the cancer grows, symptoms may include:
Pressure or pain in the abdomen, pelvis, back, or legs
A swollen or bloated abdomen
Nausea, indigestion, gas, constipation, or diarrhea
Feeling very tired all the time
Less common symptoms include:
Shortness of breath
Feeling the need to urinate often
Unusual vaginal bleeding (heavy periods, or bleeding after menopause)
Most often these symptoms are not due to cancer, but only a doctor can tell for sure. Any woman with these symptoms should tell her doctor.
Source: National Cancer Institute
The disease represents a true Catch 22 for doctors and patients for several reasons, the first being that it is a rare cancer of the reproductive system so it is not often the first consideration when making a diagnosis. And doctors say that while there are symptoms, the signs are often misinterpreted as being related to gastro-intestinal ailments. Only when treatment for that fails do doctors begin to suspect ovarian cancer. Finally, there is no definitive test for ovarian cancer.
Ovarian cancer causes more deaths than any other type of female reproductive cancer. The cause is unknown.
Dr. John Schorge is the chief gynecological oncologist at Massachusetts General Hospital. Through a collaborative agreement he also consults at Wentworth-Douglass Hospital in Dover.
There are four classic symptoms," said Schorge. "Unfortunately, the symptoms do mirror those of many gastrointestinal upsets. Only one in a hundred women with the same symptoms might have the disease."
Schorge said the numbers for ovarian cancer are grim. He said about 22,000 women are diagnosed in a year and, of those, 15,500 die.
"It's highly lethal because two-thirds of women diagnosed are already in stage three or four," said Schorge. "There is more awareness now and that's good. The issue is for women in more rural areas. Here in New Hampshire there are only four or five gynecological oncologists to cover the entire state."
Dr. Robert McLellan, an oncologist at Portsmouth Regional Hospital, estimates that 75 percent of women diagnosed with ovarian cancer are already at the stage three of four.
"We need to talk more about family," said McLellan. "If there is a history of breast cancer, colon cancer or uterine cancer, this has to be considered sooner. There is no good screening test but a trans-vaginal ultrasound can show the presence of fluid (ascites) or a mass that shouldn't be there."
Symptoms of ovarian cancer are excessive bloating, pelvic pain, a feeling of early fullness that is not usual, and increased urinary fullness. If you have these four signs, lasting longer than they should or not responding to treatment, Schorge said patients should ask for a pelvic and ultrasound exam. Family history is a very important indicator, as is looking for gene abnormalities with the BRCA1 and BRCA2 tests. Most ovarian cancer appears in women ages 55 and older.
McLellan said women with known BRCA risks are advised to complete their child bearing years and then consider surgery to remove the ovaries.
Maybe the biggest piece of misinformation out there is that a Pap smear will detect ovarian cancer.
"It will not, said Dr. Danny Sims, an oncologist from New Hampshire Oncology and Hematology who sometimes works out of Exeter Hospital.
"A Pap smear will detect cervical cancer only," said Sims. "People assume the test is accurate for all reproductive cancers but it does not detect uterine or ovarian cancers."
Surgery is used to treat all stages of ovarian cancer. Surgery involves removal of the uterus (total hysterectomy), removal of both ovaries and fallopian tubes, partial or complete removal of the omentum, the fatty layer that covers and pads organs in the abdomen, examination, biopsy, or removal of the lymph nodes and other tissues in the pelvis and abdomen.
Chemotherapy is used after surgery to treat any remaining disease. Chemotherapy can also be used if the cancer comes back. Chemotherapy may be given into the veins, or sometimes directly into the abdominal cavity (intraperitoneal).
Schorge is an advocate of intraperitoneal chemotherapy. He said he believes applying the chemo directly to the abdominal area is more effective than traditional IV therapy. Locally, the treatment is only available at Wentworth-Douglass Hospital. Schorge said he pushed to make the treatment available there.
"The survival advantage is 16 months longer in studies," said Schorge. "The abdomen is where the cancer would spread, so splashing it around there has more optimal results."
Still, the chances for recurrence of cancer is great, said all three doctors. Sims said it is likely that the cancer will return at some point in most women diagnosed with ovarian cancer.
About three out of four women with ovarian cancer survive one year after diagnosis. If diagnosis is made early in the disease and treatment is received before the cancer spreads outside the ovary, the five-year survival rate is high
Complications can include spread of the cancer to other organs, loss of organ function, fluid in the abdomen (ascites), and blockage of the intestines.
Women should call for an appointment with their health care provider if they are over 40 years old and have not recently had a pelvic examination. Routine pelvic examinations are recommended for all women over 20 years old. And if you have those four symptoms persistently, or have had them for a while, ask your doctor about ovarian cancer.
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Have you considered medical care as a gift to yourself this Christmas? As a nurse, wife, mother, and grandmother I recognize the need to stay healthy for those around me and for those in my care. And it is important for me to practice preventative health whenever I can so here are my gift ideas for you to do the same.
Get your flu shot. And if you are over 65, ask your physician about getting a pneumonia shot as well. These vaccines can keep you from getting a deadly version of the flu. Those who have received the vaccine but still get ill most often do not have the influenza that the vaccine is designed to prevent. There are many strains of cold and upper respiratory bugs that do not become deadly. And the vaccine does not prevent the 24 hour vomiting and lower gastric bug that comes? out of no where. It does prevent the influenza that can cause death and epidemics.
Schedule your mammogram and pelvic exam if you have not done so this year. These preventative tests screen for breast cancer and cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, and uterine pathology. If you are in question about the need for any of these, discuss your concerns with your physician.
How about those teeth? Have an end of the year cleaning and dental exam with your dentist. This simple procedure does more than clean your teeth. Your dentist screens for oral cancers, cysts, and infection as well as cavities.
Finally, when is the last time you had your eyes checked? As we age, our eyes and our vision changes. It can be important to screen for diseases of the eye or changes in vision that we may be missing as we compensate for the difficulty especially well as a woman.
Keeping up with your own health and preventative measures can only be a positive? step to keeping you feeling and looking your best for 2013. Your health matters.
It's been a time of reflection for searchengine teams, so why not for web browsers? Mozilla has taken its own trip back through 2012 and found that a surprising number of us have embraced Do Not Track. About 8 percent of desktop users, and 19 percent of Android users, have adopted the feature as of the end of year -- that's a clear sign of interest in keeping web habits private, Mozilla claims. While we don't have similar statistics for other browsers to add context, the company still sees a lot of sunshine with the rapid development of Firefox OS and recent additions like its Social API. If Mozilla's introspection proves intriguing, many more details await at the source.
Two major barriers to the advancement of DNA nanotechnology beyond the research lab have been knocked down. This emerging technology employs DNA as a programmable building material for self-assembled, nanometer-scale structures. Many practical applications have been envisioned, and researchers recently demonstrated a synthetic membrane channel made from DNA. Until now, however, design processes were hobbled by a lack of structural feedback. Assembly was slow and often of poor quality. Now researchers led by Prof. Hendrik Dietz of the Technische Universitaet Muenchen (TUM) have removed these obstacles.
One barrier holding the field back was an unproven assumption. Researchers were able to design a wide variety of discrete objects and specify exactly how DNA strands should zip together and fold into the desired shapes. They could show that the resulting nanostructures closely matched the designs. Still lacking, though, was the validation of the assumed subnanometer-scale precise positional control. This has been confirmed for the first time through analysis of a test object designed specifically for the purpose. A technical breakthrough based on advances in fundamental understanding, this demonstration has provided a crucial reality check for DNA nanotechnology.
In a separate set of experiments, the researchers discovered that the time it takes to make a batch of complex DNA-based objects can be cut from a week to a matter of minutes, and that the yield can be nearly 100%. They showed for the first time that at a constant temperature, hundreds of DNA strands can fold cooperatively to form an object ? correctly, as designed ? within minutes. Surprisingly, they say, the process is similar to protein folding, despite significant chemical and structural differences. "Seeing this combination of rapid folding and high yield," Dietz says, "we have a stronger sense than ever that DNA nanotechnology could lead to a new kind of manufacturing, with a commercial, even industrial future." And there are immediate benefits, he adds: "Now we don't have to wait a week for feedback on an experimental design, and multi-step assembly processes have suddenly become so much more practical."
Atomically precise control
To test the assumption that discrete DNA objects could be assembled as designed with subnanometer precision, TUM biophysicists collaborated with scientists at the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge, UK. They produced a relatively large, three-dimensional DNA-based structure, asymmetrical to help determine the orientation, and incorporating distinctive design motifs.
Subnanometer-resolution imaging with low-temperature electron microscopy enabled the researchers to map the object ? which comprises more than 460,000 atoms ? with subnanometer-scale detail. Because the object incorporates, in effect, a whole library of different design elements, it will also serve as a resource for further study. The results, reported in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, not only demonstrate atomically precise assembly, but also show that such structures, formerly thought to be jelly-like and flexible, are rigid enough to be probed by electron microscopy.
Fast processing, near-100% yields
In contrast, DNA objects with 19 different designs ? including plate-like, gear-like, and brick-like shapes ? were used for a second series of experiments at TUM, reported in the latest issue of Science. Here the researchers' main focus was on the dynamics of DNA folding and unfolding. The usual self-assembly process is often described as a "one-pot reaction": Strands of DNA that will serve as the template, instructions, and building material for a designed object are placed together at a relatively high temperature where they will remain separate; the temperature is gradually lowered, and somewhere along the line the DNA strands zip together to form the desired structures.
Observing this process in unprecedented detail, the TUM researchers discovered that all of the action takes place within a specific and relatively narrow temperature range, which differs depending on the design of the object. One practical implication is that, once the optimal temperature for a given design has been determined, DNA self-assembly ? nanomanufacturing, in essence ? could be accomplished through fast processes at constant temperatures. Following up on this lead, the researchers found that they could "mass-produce" objects made from hundreds of DNA strands within minutes instead of days, with almost no defective objects or by-products in the resulting batch.
"Besides telling us that complex DNA objects are manufacturable," Dietz says, "these results suggest something we hardly dared to imagine before ? that it might be possible to assemble DNA nanodevices in a cell culture or even within a living cell."
From the viewpoint of fundamental biology, the most intriguing result of these experiments may be the discovery that DNA folding resembles protein folding more closely than anticipated. Chemically and structurally, the two families of biomolecules are quite different. But the researchers observed clearly defined "cooperative" steps in the folding of complex DNA objects, no different in principle from mechanisms at work in protein folding. They speculate that further experiments with self-assembly of designed DNA objects could help to unravel the mysteries of protein folding, which is more complex and less accessible to direct study.
###
Xiao-chen Bai, Thomas G. Martin, Sjors H. W. Scheres, Hendrik Dietz. Cryo-EM structure of a 3D DNA-origami object. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA, Dec. 4, 2012, 109 (49) 20012-20017; on-line in PNAS Early Edition, Nov. 19, 2012. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1215713109
Jean-Philippe J. Sobczak, Thomas G. Martin, Thomas Gerling, Hendrik Dietz. Rapid folding of DNA into nanoscale shapes at constant temperature. Science, vol. 338, issue 6113, pp. 1458-1461. DOI: 10.1126/science.1229919
See also: Martin Langecker, Vera Arnaut, Thomas G. Martin, Jonathan List, Stephan Renner, Michael Mayer, Hendrik Dietz, and Friedrich C. Simmel. Synthetic lipid membrane channels formed by designed DNA nanostructures. Science, vol. 338, issue 6109, pp. 932-936. DOI: 10.1126/science.1225624
Thanks to Technische Universitaet Muenchen for this article.
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SEOUL, South Korea (AP) ? A South Korean government agency said Friday that working at a Samsung Electronics factory caused the breast cancer of a worker who died earlier this year, only the second time it has recognized a link between cancer and Samsung's chip plants.
The Korea Workers' Compensation and Welfare Service, which is part of the labor ministry, ruled earlier this month that there was a "considerable causal relationship" between the woman's cancer and her five years of work at a semiconductor plant near Seoul. The ruling didn't become public until Friday when the agency announced compensation for the woman's family.
Samsung spokesman James Chung said it will not appeal the government's decision. The company is the world's largest maker of computer memory chips.
There have been very few cases in South Korea in which a link between working conditions and cancer has been convincingly demonstrated. Nearly 30 South Koreans have filed claims with the agency that working at Samsung caused rare forms of disease, cancer, multiple sclerosis and brain tumors. Another dozen people whose claims were rejected by the agency have filed court appeals.
The Korea Workers' Compensation and Welfare Service collects insurance fees from companies and makes rulings on whether diseases are caused by workplace hazards. Workers file industrial disease-related claims with the agency, not with their employer. Either party can appeal to the courts.
The woman, whose last name is Kim, died in March, age 36, three years after being diagnosed with breast cancer. Kim worked for Samsung from 1995 to 2000. Her first name was not released at her family's request.
The agency didn't say how much compensation was paid, but spokesman Kang Byung-soo said it usually amounts to nearly four years of a worker's salary.
"There was an exposure to organic solvents and radiation. The earlier the exposure is, the more likely the cancer is caused," the workers compensation agency said in a statement about Kim's case.
It said it also reviewed records from overseas which showed that working night shifts is linked to a higher chance of breast cancer.
Kim, who worked eight to 12 hours a day, was often assigned night time shifts that started at 10 p.m. and ended at 6 in the morning, according to Lee Jong-ran, an official at SHAPRs, or Supporters for the Health And Rights of People in the Semiconductor industry.
Kim worked at a plant without a radiation detector and was exposed to benzene and other carcinogens, according to the activist group.
Lee said the latest decision will have a positive impact on Samsung employees who are hoping to prove a link between their diseases and working conditions at Samsung Electronics.
"Because the government recognized the link, people who have pending lawsuits will feel encouraged," she said.
There have been three recent cases in which authorities recognized that working conditions at Samsung had contributed to diseases.
In April, the agency compensated a former Samsung worker who suffered from aplastic anemia. Last year, a Seoul court ruled that a Samsung semiconductor plant caused the cancer of two former employees. The agency, which had earlier rejected claims from the two workers, is appealing the court's decision.
___
Youkyung Lee can be reached on Twitter: www.twitter.com/YKLeeAP
Dec. 12, 2012 ? Poor eating and exercise habits could be the game-changer in the fight against heart disease and stroke deaths, according to the American Heart Association's "Heart Disease and Stroke Statistical Update 2013," published in the American Heart Association journal, Circulation.
"Americans need to move a lot more, eat healthier and less, and manage risk factors as soon as they develop," said Alan S. Go, M.D., chairman of the report's writing committee and chief of the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Conditions Section of the Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research in Oakland. "If not, we'll quickly lose the momentum we've gained in reducing heart attack and stroke rates and improving survival over the last few decades."
Between 1999 and 2009, the rate of deaths from cardiovascular disease (CVD) fell 32.7 percent, but still accounted for nearly one in three deaths in the nation. That's 2,150 people dying from CVD each day -- about one death every 40 seconds.
In 2010, the American Heart Association set a goal to improve cardiovascular health of all Americans by 20 percent and reduce heart disease and stroke deaths 20 percent by 2020.
However, according to projections in the 2013 report, heart health may only improve by 6 percent if current trends continue. The biggest barriers to success are projected increases in obesity and diabetes, and only modest improvements in diet and physical activity. On a positive note, smoking, high cholesterol and high blood pressure rates are projected to decline.
Among heart disease and stroke risk factors, the most recent data shows:
More adults age 20 and over are obese (34.6 percent) than normal or underweight (31.8 percent); 68.2 percent are overweight or obese.
Among children ages 2-19, 31.8 percent are overweight or obese.
Thirty-two percent of adults report no aerobic activity; 17.7 percent of girls and 10 percent of boys, grades 9-12, report fewer than an hour of aerobic activity in the past week.
13.8 percent of adults have total cholesterol of 240 mg/dL or higher.
Thirty-three percent of adults have high blood pressure; African-Americans have among the highest prevalence of high blood pressure (44 percent) worldwide.
8.3 percent of adults have diagnosed diabetes, and 8.2 percent have undiagnosed diabetes; 38.2 percent have prediabetes.
Despite four decades of improvement, 21.3 percent of men and 16.7 percent of women age 18 and over still smoke cigarettes; 18.1 percent of students in grades 9-12 report cigarette smoking.
"As the leader in the fight against heart disease and stroke, we are taking a more aggressive and innovative approach, including taking some pages from the playbooks of the public health sector," said Donna Arnett, Ph.D., president of the American Heart Association and chairperson of the Department of Epidemiology at the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Public Health. "We're focusing on population-based ways to improve health factors for all Americans."
Some of these include:
Working with healthcare systems to support and reward providers who help patients improve their health behaviors and manage their health risk factors.
Working with insurers to cover preventive health services and reward positive health behaviors and medication adherence.
Working with the education community to make changes in schools that support healthy diets and physical activity for children.
Building comprehensive worksite wellness programs.
Building healthier communities with improved access to healthier foods and green space for physical activity.
The association has a wide range of programs and policy initiatives aimed at improving cardiovascular health through risk factor prevention and health care quality, Arnett said.?
"In this race against time, it will take nationwide efforts driven by communities and systems -- a patient-by-patient approach alone won't do it," Arnett said. "But we're optimistic that if we increase our efforts for improvements in prevention and reductions in risk factors, we can be successful -- we can save lives."
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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by American Heart Association.
Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.
Journal Reference:
A. K. Jacobs, F. G. Kushner, S. M. Ettinger, R. A. Guyton, J. L. Anderson, E. M. Ohman, N. M. Albert, E. M. Antman, D. K. Arnett, M. Bertolet, D. L. Bhatt, R. G. Brindis, M. A. Creager, D. L. DeMets, K. Dickersin, G. C. Fonarow, R. J. Gibbons, J. L. Halperin, J. S. Hochman, M. A. Koster, S.-L. T. Normand, E. Ortiz, E. D. Peterson, W. H. Roach, R. L. Sacco, S. C. Smith, W. G. Stevenson, G. F. Tomaselli, C. W. Yancy, W. A. Zoghbi. ACCF/AHA Clinical Practice Guideline Methodology Summit Report: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation, 2012; DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0b013e31827e8e5f
Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.
Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.
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